You can choose according to herbicide weed species

Plant Protection Station , Jiangsu Province , according to survey data , the local weed has 15 families and 27 species of heavy damage to wheat are: A.aequalis hard grass , bluegrass ,bottle sprayer wild oats, ryegrass , cleavers , Fan branches, vetch , shepherd's purse, sophia , speedwell , buddha seat, Euphorbia , pure rice chestnut , Cephalanoplos and reed . We can simply put these weeds and broadleaf weeds are divided into two major categories of weeds .

Control weeds can choose: Chlortoluron , isoproturon , acetochlor, fenoxaprop , metsulfuron methyl , etc. . Because different weed populations sensitive to these different responses herbicides , therefore the choice of the medicine should be further refined.

Such as: to see the wheat straw, wild oat -based plots , you can choose fenoxaprop be controlling . Alkyne oxalic acid spectrum herbicide fenoxaprop slightly wider than some , better than weeding Fenoxaprop , 4-6 grams per acre effective content in the case of controlling before winter ryegrass , hard difficult to control grass weeds ; chlorotoluron and isoproturon can effectively control the majority of annual grass weeds and some broadleaf weeds , especially isoproturon wheat variety is still the current controlling weeds preferred pharmacy .

Broadleaf weeds in wheat fields more types of herbicides is also more appropriate , it should be selected according to the specific weed communities .

Currently registered broadleaf weeds in wheat herbicide varieties: tribenuron , thifensulfuron , Bensulfuron , A , chlorsulfuron ( because A , chlorsulfuron in PH> 7 slow decomposition in soil residual injury heavier, dry area north of the Yangtze disabled ) MCPA ,2.4-D butyl ester , fluroxypyr , Fluoroglycofen ethers, ketones azole grass , grass amine sulfonamide double fluoride . Tribenuron which is still headed varieties , knapsack power sprayer in order to expand the spectrum herbicide , improve the speed and weeding weeding effect , often using complex methods . Such as controlling cleavers , speedwell , sophia , shepherd's purse , etc. Optional: tribenuron + Fluoroglycofen ether ; grass tribenuron + yl ketone ; chlorofluorocarbons than Acetic Acid + MCPA and so on.

Control in Noe stork, Mak public , Vetch , chickweed , etc. Optional: fluroxypyr + MCPA ; azole metribuzin + MCPA and so on.

There are three yuan compounding agents such as azole oxadiazon + tribenuron + MCPA can basically controlling broadleaf weeds in wheat fields in all .

Timely medication selected Equipments

"Now the general pesticide application than Equipments Equipments applied internationally to lag behind the developed fifty to six years , some leaking farm sprayers , the effective utilization rate of less than 30% ." July 5 , the Provincial Agriculture Department of Plant Protection Station Division is responsible for pesticide Xu Xiang believes that application of the backwardness and method of application Equipments improper influence pesticide application efficiency is an important reason . He told reporters , effective pesticide should note the following aspects:

In the application of pesticides , the first response to disease buy drugs , and preferred efficiency and low toxicity of the " green" bio- pesticides. Three certificates to recognize when consumers can not blindly follow the sales presentation , with particular attention to not use state explicitly proposed in 2007 prohibiting the use of five highly toxic pesticides : methamidophos , parathion , methyl sulfide phosphorus, monocrotophos and thiamine .

After selecting a symptomatic drugs , the application of technology is also very important, application methods and timing should be carried out in strict accordance with the technical requirements , or will be less than the best efficacy, and directly affects the agricultural effective.

Should choose good quality pesticide household sprayer spraying equipment , spraying should also note that according to the technical requirements . Special attention to encounter the following situations , it can not be sprayed : Wind in 3 above ; Summer 11:00 to 15:00 between the ( temperature above 32 ℃ ) ; application personnel did not wear protective clothing , no when wearing a mask .

Three whisk microemulsion Applied Technology

Leafroller is the province most important pest of rice every year from June to August of rice caused great harm ; common efficient, highly toxic pesticide methamidophos, has recently been a nationwide ban on the sale and use of select efficient , low-cost pesticides is a priority. Fipronil ( fipronil ) is replaced by the ideal pesticide methamidophos control leaf roller one , but higher prices alone , long-term high-dose continuous use, easy to produce pest resistant . Three whisk microemulsion is a low content of fipronil and triazophos complex products , the two drugs after complex , with significant synergies and fipronil than single low cost. The relevant application technology are described below:

First, the product features.garden sprayers 31% three whisk microemulsion in Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Hunan , Hubei, Shanghai and other places large scale applications . Leaf Roller prevention trials , demonstration that not only young leaffolder have a good effect , but also serious damage roll bud 3-4 age leafroller control effect prominent , anti- efficiency of up to 90 % or more. The product is microemulsion , it also has strong adhesion , can firmly adhered to the blade solution , can greatly improve the utilization rate of pesticide active ingredients , to reduce the impact of pesticides on the environment .

Second, the use . 1 , leaf roller is migratory pests, master control period is the key. Young larvae should generally be in the peak of the volume beginning bud worm medication . 2 per acre with 50-60 ml water 30-50 kg , with mist sprayer or motorized machine Rice Leaf fine spray , the better.

Third, pay attention : 1 , not with alkaline pesticides , fertilizer mix. 2 , highly toxic to bees , do not close beekeeping honey paddy fields, orchards, vegetable and non- registered use on nectar plants . 3, the product of shrimp , crabs and some fish, highly toxic ,backpack water sprayer non- field water discharged into the rivers, lakes , canals and ponds and other water sources . Sugar cane , corn, sorghum sensitive strictly prohibited. 4 , the product is organic phosphorus compound preparations. If ingested poisoning should be immediately sent to hospital for medical treatment, gastric lavage can also be inserted into the tube , there can be symptoms of organophosphate poisoning antidote atropine , phenobarbital, drugs can relieve symptoms of Fipronil .

Maturing cotton should be the proper use of ethylene ripening

Cotton in the country north and south , generally spring cotton in late August to early September into boll maturity. This year's cotton production , due to the low temperature, rain and other weather effects , resulting in a large area of ​​cotton planting seedling late spring , budding , flowering perennial postponement than 7 to 10 days , is expected to cotton boll maturity will be delayed more than a week . Coupled with an increased proportion intercropping cotton , cotton intercropping most easily greedy green late . Therefore, this year cotton late management , promoting premature measures is particularly important.

Years of practice shows that the proper use of ethylene ripening late-maturing cotton , is a simple, increase production for good measure . After spraying ethephon to early cotton boll opening 7 to 10 days , before frost rate increased by 10 % to 20% , an increase of 6.4% ~ 10.2% , increase from 30 to 50 yuan per mu . And ripening of cotton , but also help Xiacha crops such as wheat sowing and increase the yield . But Ethephon is a " double-edged sword ", if used improperly, not only can not increase production, they cause reduced production and yields . Therefore , we must master the use of technology ethephon , so proper use , in order to achieve the desired results.

Correct choice of farm sprayers spraying cotton . To select the greedy green late -and post -onset strong cotton , mainly cotton intercropping , after the onset of summer sowing cotton and intensity of hybridization cotton. If you choose more than 80% of the boll boll stage in the cotton fields of 40 to 45 days , the effect will be particularly good spraying . For the development of normal mature cotton , especially those with premature aging trend cotton , not spraying ethephon, otherwise it will cause premature cotton blight caused by reduced production and yields decline . For breeding cotton fields , shall not be sprayed with ethephon, if spraying , seed maturity will lead to decreased germination germination rate decreased.

Correctly grasp the suitability of spraying period. How effective spraying ethephon , closely related to temperature . Because ethephon temperature must be higher than 20 ℃ or more to decompose releasing vinyl , so after spraying cotton , requiring daily maximum temperature above 20 ℃ need about 15 days to receive a good spraying results. According to this principle requires , in northern cotton spraying time , should be in the 20 days before frost withered ; cotton-growing areas in the south of the plastic sprayer spraying time , mainly based on the subject boll boll stage and pull stalk deadline , usually before pulling stalk 15 to 20 days is appropriate. Concrete spraying time , the need to utilize local conditions . In normal years , China's Huang-Huai Region , should be in the Oct. 5 after spraying ; Yangtze River valley , in the October 15 to 20, spraying is more appropriate.

Allowing farmers to master the scientific method of application

Application techniques to carry out extensive training , so that farmers master the scientific method of application

Adopted a hydraulic sprayer atomization , high pressure liquid through a small orifice in the rear , to go through more than 30 cm distance to be able to completely atomized , so when spraying pesticides , must maintain the distance between the nozzle and the crop

30 cm above the surface to avoid the backpack pressure sprayer nozzle close to the crop . When using spray nozzle cone fog job, should be changed about the direction of advancement of bilateral "Z" shaped cross spray habit while taking downwind side "Z" shaped spray application personnel to ensure that the area where no drugs area. At the same time , should be gradually replaced with a fan nozzle cone fog mist nozzles, spray take unilateral parallel advance method to improve the uniformity of the distribution of pesticides . Sprayer takes the pneumatic atomization , the farther away from the nozzle , droplet finer spray rate in the general level of more than 8 meters . Spraying pesticides , to take full advantage of its effective spray rate , spray taking drift superposition method to improve the efficiency and control efficiency , avoid targeted spray. Operations, shall determine the nozzle pointing direction ( spit ) , machine hand to the routes ( strike ) and field operations in the order ( starting from ) principle, so spit as consistent as possible with the wind , and wind machine hand to be vertical , if skewed, machine hand can be adapted to their body slightly oblique , not wind operations. From downwind start operations to ensure work area is free of pesticides zone. According to the control object and crop pests and diseases at different growth stages as well as parts of flexibility nozzle height and angle . Currently, the majority of farmers commonly used around the forward direction intersecting pressure sprayer spray method , spray width is reduced , the formation of turbulence , resulting droplet distribution is uneven, but the entire operating environment filled with pesticides are very vulnerable to pesticide poisoning people , should be changed as soon as possible and avoid .

To de-worming medication safety counterpart flowers

In actual production , flowers , like other crops are also vulnerable to a variety of pest infestation . Flowers in the fight against pests , such as insects according to different mouthparts symptomatic spraying , to improve the control effect will be of great benefit.

Chewing mouthparts of insects , such as yellow slug , the day suddenly caterpillars, beetle daisy , leaf miner , grubs , black cutworm , mole crickets, flies and other species , damage flowers , the principal cause floral tissue mechanical damage. Leaf feeding pests such as flowers , leaves often cause defects , and even leaves eaten ; eats flowers, stems , fruits and seeds of pest infestation drill into its internal organization , often caused by holes in the surface , the formation of worms in the internal tract ( such as chrysanthemum beetles, bees , etc. rose stems ) ; farm sprayer lurking in leaf epidermal between feeding pests leaves left in the serpentine road insects , often the leaves wither , caducous ; feeding after sowing seed , seedling roots , corms , bulbs and tubers and other flowers underground pests , often caused Deficiency or seedling lodging, and even whole dead . Flowers in the fight against chewing insects , the stomach may be the preferred toxic pesticides , the most commonly used agents have trichlorfon , sodium fluoride , etc. The absorption of chemical agents such as monocrotophos, omethoate and other chewing mouthparts and has a good killing effect .

For sucking mouthparts , which feeding method is to use the mouth needle into flower leaves, flowers, shoots , stems and other tissues , drawing juice. Flower shape suffer no mechanical damage , only parts of the formation in the victim faded spots, or cause tissue malformations ( such as wrinkled leaves , leaf , galls , etc. ) , common pests sucking mouthparts scale insects, aphids, thrips , whiteflies , mites and other insects. In the fight against sucking mouthparts damage , the drug of choice is a systemic insecticide , such as omethoate , monocrotophos , carbofuran and so on. Contact toxicity of insecticides such as malathion , phoxim , cypermethrin ,home garden sprayer deltamethrin and other pests on flowers and has a good control effect. It should be noted that the prevention of gastric toxicity of pesticides on flower sucking mouthparts pests largely ineffective .

Flower medication safety technology encyclopedia

As modern urban pollution , people floral ornaments also raised safety drug safety requirements , the following describes ten kinds of flowers medication safety tips :

First, observe rules safe use of pesticides

In floriculture , the prohibition of the use of pesticides are: methamidophos, methyl parathion , back pack sprayers parathion, monocrotophos, ammonium phosphate , BHC , DDT, toxaphene , DBCP , chlordimeform , dibromoethane , nitrofen , aldrin, dieldrin, mercury preparations , arsenic , lead, enemy withered double fluoroacetamide , Gan fluorine, tetramine , sodium fluoroacetate , rat poisoning silicon.

Second, take safety precautions

Application personnel must do the required safety precautions to prevent poisoning. Remaining chemical and pesticide application equipment cleaning fluid , should focus on the safe handling, not free spill. Does not allow re-use empty containers should be properly collected and treated empty containers , empty containers will be marked safe storage ,backpack weed sprayers or centralized treatment.

Discarded and expired pesticides , according to the relevant regulations must not be casually discarded , so as not to produce injury flowers , or to livestock poisoning .