Choose the best application time . For closed herbicides , be sure to use before weeds sprout , once weeds grow , increase resistance , weeding poor results. For foliar herbicides should grasp % 26ldquo; except early, in addition to a small % 26rdquo; principle. Weed plant age the greater the resistance will be. In a normal year , about 90% emergence of weeds , weed seedlings organize young , drug resistance is weak , easily killed. In the daily average temperature is above 10 ℃ , use of herbicides recommended dosage limit , will be able to obtain more than 95% of the control effect . Early seedling stage is appropriate poison indigenous ; sensitive to herbicides fast growing period , with particular caution ; seedling hardening of seedlings although some resistance , but most of the weeds have matured , application plays a minor role .
Flexibility dosage. Seedling resistance to herbicides is a certain limit , it can not arbitrarily increase the dosage . In addition, different resistance of different seedlings should be strictly in accordance with product instructions . In general, the dosage of coniferous species can be bigger, broadleaf species dosage should be smaller. The same seedling varieties resistant to certain agents will increase with increasing seedling age , the dosage can be increased accordingly , such as controlling pine, fir nursery weeds can acre with 23.5% of the fruit Seoul EC 50 ml single-use , or 23.5% of the fruit Seoul EC 30 ml plus 50% acetochlor EC l00 ml mix. If used for hardwood species nursery , the dosage should be reduced appropriately. For annual weeds , use the recommended dosage can be. For perennial weed ,hand pump sprayers perennial weeds , you need to appropriately increase the dosage.
Note that when spraying temperature and soil moisture . Temperature directly affects the efficacy of the herbicide . For example MCPA , 2,4% 26mdash; D below 10 ℃ pesticide efficacy poor , 10 ℃ or more pesticide efficacy do. Herbicides fast off spirits , although the ultimate effect of superstar not affected by temperature , but at low temperatures 10% 26mdash; 20 days after the exhibit herbicidal effects . All herbicides should be sprayed on a sunny day when the temperature is high , in order to give full play to efficacy. Whether growing seedlings before soil treatment or foliar spraying , soil moisture are important factors affecting the level of efficacy . Seedlings before spraying, if the surface soil humidity, easy to form a tight seal to kill drug layer of soil and weed seeds germinate unearthed fast, so anti -efficient . Growing application , if the soil is moist ,perfume sprayer vigorous weed growth , which will help the absorption of weeds and weed control agents operate in the body , so the efficacy of play quickly, weeding effect.
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2013年9月26日星期四
The use of bio- pesticides technical points
Pollution-free agricultural production has become the development direction of agricultural production . Agricultural products in the production process, the use of biological pesticides to control pests and diseases have attracted worldwide attention. Currently , bio-pesticides in food, vegetables, fruit trees, flowers , widely used . However,backpack garden sprayers due to the effect of biological pesticide use is affected by many factors. In practical applications, there are a series of problems . The scientific use of biological pesticides should make maximum use of favorable factors, to overcome and avoid disadvantages. In use should pay attention to the following points.
First, choose a different control objects according to different varieties of pesticides currently producing bio-pesticides are insecticides, fungicides and use of microbial products made on behalf } antibiotic insecticides, fungicides and other types. In the practical application of biological pesticides . Many people on the nature of biological pesticides are not completely understood, mistaken biological insecticide, fungicide can prevent all diseases , pests , rather than indiscriminate widespread use , it will not only not receive the desired effects , but also delays Prevention period. Highly selective biological drugs , such as Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) effective prevention and treatment of Lepidoptera larvae , but not leafhopper Homoptera pathogenicity , and different varieties of Bacillus thuringiensis based on several important pests effect there are differences . Further , according to the characteristics of different types of pest feeding biological pesticides, such as insects of Lepidoptera Bt good results, will be distributed in plants after spraying the surface , or touch the feeding insects dead bacteria , but the sap sucking insects ( such as aphids , mites ) invalid, and avermectin mites killing effect is very good. Therefore, for different types of pests targeted selection of suitable varieties of bio-pesticides .
Two , according to the control object and conditions of the appropriate choice of bio- pesticide formulations of biological control effects often associated with pesticide formulations and is closely related to the use of technology , when used according to the control object , meteorological conditions and the use of time, the right to select the appropriate dosage forms , in order to achieve the best control effect. Such as powders can make use of air buoyancy and wind dispersed in a wider range , hand sprayers and thus have a greater exposure and pests ; For a large amount of leaf-eating pests such as Pieris water can be dubbed the WP suspension spray method was better than well, while the use of dusting method less effective. Capsules release the result is not only longer . Pathogens but also to protect them from environmental factors. Applicator can be used in greenhouses .
Third, based on different control objects determine the appropriate period of pest control is the role of biological pesticides object , for different types and characteristics of pests, biological pesticide use different methods. There are several different insect life, developmental stages , various developmental stages of different resistance to biocides . Therefore, understanding the developmental stage in which the pests , prevention and treatment is essential . For example, Pieris life can be divided into egg, larva, pupa and adult four developmental stages , egg in egg shells to protect , there pupa pupal stage protection, old larvae has a thick waxy layer of protection , while adults can winged flying. Therefore, only select young larvae make medicine. To give full play to the effect of biological pesticides .
First, choose a different control objects according to different varieties of pesticides currently producing bio-pesticides are insecticides, fungicides and use of microbial products made on behalf } antibiotic insecticides, fungicides and other types. In the practical application of biological pesticides . Many people on the nature of biological pesticides are not completely understood, mistaken biological insecticide, fungicide can prevent all diseases , pests , rather than indiscriminate widespread use , it will not only not receive the desired effects , but also delays Prevention period. Highly selective biological drugs , such as Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) effective prevention and treatment of Lepidoptera larvae , but not leafhopper Homoptera pathogenicity , and different varieties of Bacillus thuringiensis based on several important pests effect there are differences . Further , according to the characteristics of different types of pest feeding biological pesticides, such as insects of Lepidoptera Bt good results, will be distributed in plants after spraying the surface , or touch the feeding insects dead bacteria , but the sap sucking insects ( such as aphids , mites ) invalid, and avermectin mites killing effect is very good. Therefore, for different types of pests targeted selection of suitable varieties of bio-pesticides .
Two , according to the control object and conditions of the appropriate choice of bio- pesticide formulations of biological control effects often associated with pesticide formulations and is closely related to the use of technology , when used according to the control object , meteorological conditions and the use of time, the right to select the appropriate dosage forms , in order to achieve the best control effect. Such as powders can make use of air buoyancy and wind dispersed in a wider range , hand sprayers and thus have a greater exposure and pests ; For a large amount of leaf-eating pests such as Pieris water can be dubbed the WP suspension spray method was better than well, while the use of dusting method less effective. Capsules release the result is not only longer . Pathogens but also to protect them from environmental factors. Applicator can be used in greenhouses .
Third, based on different control objects determine the appropriate period of pest control is the role of biological pesticides object , for different types and characteristics of pests, biological pesticide use different methods. There are several different insect life, developmental stages , various developmental stages of different resistance to biocides . Therefore, understanding the developmental stage in which the pests , prevention and treatment is essential . For example, Pieris life can be divided into egg, larva, pupa and adult four developmental stages , egg in egg shells to protect , there pupa pupal stage protection, old larvae has a thick waxy layer of protection , while adults can winged flying. Therefore, only select young larvae make medicine. To give full play to the effect of biological pesticides .
2013年9月25日星期三
Pesticide use aircraft can also help
Aircraft spraying method . Pesticides with aircraft , powders , granules , baits and other withdrawal uniformly applied within the target area of application methods , also known as air spraying method . It is the effect of the highest application methods for contiguous planting crops , orchards, forests, grasslands, locust breeding plots of wasteland and beach etc. agricultural sprayers spraying . For the aircraft spraying pesticide formulations are powders , wettable powders, water dispersible granules , suspensions, dry suspensions, emulsifiable concentrates, liquid, oil , granules and the like . As particles drift severe dusting aircraft , has been rarely used , even in the morning dusting should also be operating under steady flow conditions , aircraft ground powder powder powder for a little thicker than some . Can be dubbed to water suspension formulations for high- volume spray , when mixed with other formulations are required to prevent particles flocculation . May be formulated for water cream emulsion dosage forms and for high capacity and low volume spray , for low- volume spraying may be added in the amount of spray solution of urea , potassium phosphate dioxide to reduce the droplet evaporation. ULV spray oil directly to its flash point not less than 70 ℃.
Aircraft spraying pesticides, available capacity and ULV low ; low volume spray spray volume of 10-50 l / ha ; ultra low volume spray spray volume of l ~ 5 l / ha ; General required droplet coverage density of 20 / cm 2 or more. Aerial spraying of fungicide tag type , generally use high-volume spray , spray volume of 50 liters / ha or more ; spraying fungicides can be low-volume spray , spray volume of 20 to 50 l / ha. Aerial backpack sprayers spraying of herbicides, usually low-volume sprays, spray volume of 10 to 50 l / ha , the use of wettable powder and 40 to 50 l / ha . Aircraft applicator rodenticides, generally in the forest and grassland Shi bait or poison pill .
Aircraft spraying operation time , usually half an hour after sunrise and half an hour before sunset , as the conditions are ripe , but also night operations. Job wind: Dusting is not greater than 3 m / s, spray or spray particulate agent is not greater than 4 m / sec, sprinkle granules of not more than 6 m / s. Flight altitude and effective spray cap varies by model .
Aircraft spraying pesticides, available capacity and ULV low ; low volume spray spray volume of 10-50 l / ha ; ultra low volume spray spray volume of l ~ 5 l / ha ; General required droplet coverage density of 20 / cm 2 or more. Aerial spraying of fungicide tag type , generally use high-volume spray , spray volume of 50 liters / ha or more ; spraying fungicides can be low-volume spray , spray volume of 20 to 50 l / ha. Aerial backpack sprayers spraying of herbicides, usually low-volume sprays, spray volume of 10 to 50 l / ha , the use of wettable powder and 40 to 50 l / ha . Aircraft applicator rodenticides, generally in the forest and grassland Shi bait or poison pill .
Aircraft spraying operation time , usually half an hour after sunrise and half an hour before sunset , as the conditions are ripe , but also night operations. Job wind: Dusting is not greater than 3 m / s, spray or spray particulate agent is not greater than 4 m / sec, sprinkle granules of not more than 6 m / s. Flight altitude and effective spray cap varies by model .
Around the use of these pesticides
Soil treatment . Sprinkle with pesticides or green manure crops in the soil surface , followed by plowing buried , or agents in plant roots ditching applicator or poured to kill or inhibit soil pests . For example, with 2.5% trichlorfon powder 2 to 2.5 kg dry mixing 25 grams of fine soil , sprinkle on the green manure , sprinkle with plowing with the prevention and treatment of black cutworm is very effective , hand pump sprayers and if the per acre with 3% carbofuran granules dry agent 1.5 to 2 grams of corn , soybeans and sugarcane rhizosphere ditching applicator can effectively combat these crops on a variety of pests .
Fumigation . Toxic gases using agents , in a closed condition, to eliminate the Gelechiidae warehousing grain cotton , bean weevil , Tribolium castaneum , pink and so on. For example, methyl bromide fumigation of grain, cotton seed , beans and other winter positions per 1,000 cubic meters solid dosage is 30 kg , fumigation three days time . Summer fumigation dosage may be less, time can be shorter. Also in the field fumigation method can also be used , such as poison rods made with dichlorvos twigs cast on cotton ,manual sprayer it can be smoked to kill boll of some pests.
Fumigation . Toxic gases using agents , in a closed condition, to eliminate the Gelechiidae warehousing grain cotton , bean weevil , Tribolium castaneum , pink and so on. For example, methyl bromide fumigation of grain, cotton seed , beans and other winter positions per 1,000 cubic meters solid dosage is 30 kg , fumigation three days time . Summer fumigation dosage may be less, time can be shorter. Also in the field fumigation method can also be used , such as poison rods made with dichlorvos twigs cast on cotton ,manual sprayer it can be smoked to kill boll of some pests.
2013年9月24日星期二
Herbicide injury occurrence and control
With the continuous development of China's agricultural science and technology , herbicides in agricultural production more widely , herbicide injury also was gradually expanded and worsening trend ,irrigation sprayer the main manifestations of herbicide injury recessive injury, drug residues damage and dominant injury.
So how can both make use of herbicides and crops from harm? To this end, the Far East Pesticides Co., Ltd. , Henan researchers in the party under the leadership of Mr. Winfield , and domestic and foreign experts, after five years of research finally found a way to solve the herbicide injury and residual hazardous substances, and named it " Nai ." With Hounai An worked in Henan, Shandong, Jiangsu, Heilongjiang and other provinces to promote large-scale demonstration , two time trial area of nearly 2000 hectares , completely solve the weed problem without stimulation and injury .
Nai is the only broad-spectrum herbicide safener , Nai in different crops and a variety of commonly used herbicides , without affecting the herbicidal effect at the same time , the body can effectively relieve crop and soil herbicide residues , prevention and lifting and residual herbicide injury hazards. Unlike Nai fertilizer and conditioning agent which is capable of adsorbing and decomposition of soil and crop herbicide residues in the body , professional backpack sprayer to solve herbicide injury . Currently Nai has applied for national invention patent and obtain high-tech product certificate to fill the domestic blank , scientific and technological content reached the international advanced level.
So how can both make use of herbicides and crops from harm? To this end, the Far East Pesticides Co., Ltd. , Henan researchers in the party under the leadership of Mr. Winfield , and domestic and foreign experts, after five years of research finally found a way to solve the herbicide injury and residual hazardous substances, and named it " Nai ." With Hounai An worked in Henan, Shandong, Jiangsu, Heilongjiang and other provinces to promote large-scale demonstration , two time trial area of nearly 2000 hectares , completely solve the weed problem without stimulation and injury .
Nai is the only broad-spectrum herbicide safener , Nai in different crops and a variety of commonly used herbicides , without affecting the herbicidal effect at the same time , the body can effectively relieve crop and soil herbicide residues , prevention and lifting and residual herbicide injury hazards. Unlike Nai fertilizer and conditioning agent which is capable of adsorbing and decomposition of soil and crop herbicide residues in the body , professional backpack sprayer to solve herbicide injury . Currently Nai has applied for national invention patent and obtain high-tech product certificate to fill the domestic blank , scientific and technological content reached the international advanced level.
Chinese herbal medicine production on how rational use of pesticides
( A ) a reasonable choice under control object pesticide varieties of medicinal plants used pesticides are an important means of pest control . More types of pesticides , pest species selection should be based on appropriate pesticides, insecticides such as trichlorfon, generally chewing mouthparts pests such as cabbage worm , but not on aphids, scale insects and other pests sucking mouthparts almost ineffective . Fungicides should choose the right species, such as seed disinfection is generally used in a broad spectrum fungicide , and prevention and control of foliar fungal diseases can choose multiple Yin Ling , thiophanate-methyl and other pesticides , control downy mildew should choose Switzerland toxic mold and other bacteria to algae sensitive to pesticides. In Chinese herbal pest control , promoting the use of biological pesticides, such as Bt, agricultural antibiotic 120 , diflubenzuron , such as nicotine .
( 2 ) alternate use of pesticides and pesticide use reasonable mix principle is not the same kind of long-term use of pesticides to control the same pests, but should be used interchangeably but different mechanism of action similar to pesticide control object . Also need to mix different pesticides can reach rid variety of pests and diseases, to avoid pest resistance , to extend the life of new pesticides . Mixing should pay attention not produce antagonism between pesticides or degradation , agricultural sprayers do not use a significant increase in drug mix formula. Mix dispensing should be first two pesticides formulations according to the respective dosage or concentration of weighing , respectively, diluted with a little water , and then mixed with each other after a stir, add water to the required concentration . Mixtures of pesticides should now with the current , not long home .
( 3 ) Select the appropriate use of pesticides during application of pesticides is the right time to effectively control pests and diseases , protecting beneficial organisms , an important way to avoid pesticide residues , do pay attention to field observations , in order to grasp the pest dynamics. The basis for determining optimum control period are: master pest Sheng period and in the best interest of anti- insect instar stage combat ; pest infestation and easy , damage the reproductive stage ; non- predators sensitive period ; safe interval , ie at harvest prohibited within a certain time interval before the medication, it is important to note .
( 4 ) the use of pesticides during the safety precautions required to wear rubber gloves when dispensing , dosage should be strictly in accordance with the provisions dose weighing, mixing drugs prohibited by hand ; Yaojibanzhong when you use tools to use with the mix, sprinkle hands or on-demand drug kind of protective gloves should be worn when , leftover vestiges kind should be promptly destroyed ; Pharmaceuticals, dressing site should be away from water and place of residence ; interlaced when using manual sprayers spray liquid in the bucket can not be filled too full , strong winds and high temperatures do not spray medicine ; promptly cleaned after spraying
and Sheng Guo packaging .
( 2 ) alternate use of pesticides and pesticide use reasonable mix principle is not the same kind of long-term use of pesticides to control the same pests, but should be used interchangeably but different mechanism of action similar to pesticide control object . Also need to mix different pesticides can reach rid variety of pests and diseases, to avoid pest resistance , to extend the life of new pesticides . Mixing should pay attention not produce antagonism between pesticides or degradation , agricultural sprayers do not use a significant increase in drug mix formula. Mix dispensing should be first two pesticides formulations according to the respective dosage or concentration of weighing , respectively, diluted with a little water , and then mixed with each other after a stir, add water to the required concentration . Mixtures of pesticides should now with the current , not long home .
( 3 ) Select the appropriate use of pesticides during application of pesticides is the right time to effectively control pests and diseases , protecting beneficial organisms , an important way to avoid pesticide residues , do pay attention to field observations , in order to grasp the pest dynamics. The basis for determining optimum control period are: master pest Sheng period and in the best interest of anti- insect instar stage combat ; pest infestation and easy , damage the reproductive stage ; non- predators sensitive period ; safe interval , ie at harvest prohibited within a certain time interval before the medication, it is important to note .
( 4 ) the use of pesticides during the safety precautions required to wear rubber gloves when dispensing , dosage should be strictly in accordance with the provisions dose weighing, mixing drugs prohibited by hand ; Yaojibanzhong when you use tools to use with the mix, sprinkle hands or on-demand drug kind of protective gloves should be worn when , leftover vestiges kind should be promptly destroyed ; Pharmaceuticals, dressing site should be away from water and place of residence ; interlaced when using manual sprayers spray liquid in the bucket can not be filled too full , strong winds and high temperatures do not spray medicine ; promptly cleaned after spraying
| garden pressure sprayers |
Nicosulfuron injury remedies
Generally , the corn itself is strong resistance , nicosulfuron a slight phytotoxicity , without treatment, only temporarily inhibited growth of corn , can be restored after a period of time , does not affect the production.
If severe injury , need to be addressed , we can use the following measures:
Even detox in a smoke -ethyl injury has occurred or will occur , to take early measures to detox . On the initial injury on corn plants that can be used 3-5 times spray equipment wash water spray pesticide residues on plants .
2 strengthen field management ( 1 ) pouring enough water , prompting a lot of corn roots absorb water to reduce the concentration of the herbicide plant body , relieve injury.
( 2 ) appropriate to increase the depth and frequency of hoeing , enhance soil aeration , and promote beneficial soil microbial activity , accelerate the decomposition of soil nutrients , enhance maize root under water and nutrient absorption capacity, so as soon as possible to restore normal maize plants growth and development.
( 3 ) spraying large cloud -120 ( natural brassinolide ) diluted 1500 -fold or GA plus 1 % urea aqueous solution or spiritual harm , leaf treasure diluted 500 times in the morning or evening dew dry with low pressure sprayer to spray both sides of the blade , and promote normal growth of plants , in order to effectively reduce injury .
( 4 ) the injury occurred corn plots should be combined with water , increasing livestock manure composting facilities , ammonium bicarbonate , ammonium nitrate, urea and other fast-acting fertilizer to promote root development and regeneration , restoring victims corn physiology to reduce tobacco ethyl phytotoxicity to corn damage. But also foliar hand pump sprayers of 1% -2 % urea or 0.2 % -0.3 % potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution or Huimanfeng 60-800 times, resume normal growth favorable for corn .
Should also actively controlling other corn pests, in order to improve the ability of maize to resist injury . However, if the injury caused by the cornfields too heavy , these measures can not relieve victims extent, you can only take one or switching to other crops destroyed to avoid greater losses. Seven days before and after use can not be used organophosphate pesticides , dry weather , be sure to increase the amount of use , increased amount of detergent , washing powder is a good adhesion agent. First watering after application .
If severe injury , need to be addressed , we can use the following measures:
Even detox in a smoke -ethyl injury has occurred or will occur , to take early measures to detox . On the initial injury on corn plants that can be used 3-5 times spray equipment wash water spray pesticide residues on plants .
2 strengthen field management ( 1 ) pouring enough water , prompting a lot of corn roots absorb water to reduce the concentration of the herbicide plant body , relieve injury.
( 2 ) appropriate to increase the depth and frequency of hoeing , enhance soil aeration , and promote beneficial soil microbial activity , accelerate the decomposition of soil nutrients , enhance maize root under water and nutrient absorption capacity, so as soon as possible to restore normal maize plants growth and development.
( 3 ) spraying large cloud -120 ( natural brassinolide ) diluted 1500 -fold or GA plus 1 % urea aqueous solution or spiritual harm , leaf treasure diluted 500 times in the morning or evening dew dry with low pressure sprayer to spray both sides of the blade , and promote normal growth of plants , in order to effectively reduce injury .
( 4 ) the injury occurred corn plots should be combined with water , increasing livestock manure composting facilities , ammonium bicarbonate , ammonium nitrate, urea and other fast-acting fertilizer to promote root development and regeneration , restoring victims corn physiology to reduce tobacco ethyl phytotoxicity to corn damage. But also foliar hand pump sprayers of 1% -2 % urea or 0.2 % -0.3 % potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution or Huimanfeng 60-800 times, resume normal growth favorable for corn .
Should also actively controlling other corn pests, in order to improve the ability of maize to resist injury . However, if the injury caused by the cornfields too heavy , these measures can not relieve victims extent, you can only take one or switching to other crops destroyed to avoid greater losses. Seven days before and after use can not be used organophosphate pesticides , dry weather , be sure to increase the amount of use , increased amount of detergent , washing powder is a good adhesion agent. First watering after application .
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